大多數時候，語言往往以其原籍國的名義命名。然而，在許多情況下，這導緻了排除來自同一個國家的其他母語的一般化; 語言可能(néng)是由較少的人說的，但是哪些不太有效。
Most of the time, languages tend to be named after the demonym of their country of origin. However, in many cases this results in a generalization that excludes other native languages from the same country; languages that are perhaps spoken by fewer people, but which are no less valid. 西班牙語是一個很好(hǎo)的例子。當我們將(jiāng)西班牙語稱爲語言時，我們實際上更具體地指西班牙的官方語言卡斯蒂利亞。盡管卡斯蒂利亞占主導地位，西班牙也有其他語言有自己的曆史和訴求，如加利西亞，加泰羅尼亞語（或瓦倫西亞語），阿拉納語和巴斯克語（巴斯克語）），其中包括以下問題，自問如下：西班牙人不會說卡斯蒂利亞人什麽時候被(bèi)稱爲“西班牙語”？他們失去了西班牙語的權利，因爲他們不會說官方語言？此外，卡斯蒂利亞人受到其他語言的影響，例如阿拉伯語，經過幾個世紀的摩爾人在該地區的占領。 Spanish is an excellent example of this. When we refer to Spanish as a language, we are actually referring more specifically to Castilian, which is the official language of Spain. Despite the predominance of Castilian, other languages are spoken in Spain that have their own history and appeal, such as Galician, Catalan (or Valencian), Aranese, and Euskara (or Basque), among others, which leads use to ask ourselves the following questions: What do Spaniards who don’t speak Castilian think when they are referred to as “Spanish?” Have they lost their right to be Spanish since they don’t speak the official language? Additionally, Castilian has been influenced by other languages, such as Arabic for example, following centuries of Moorish occupation in the region. 類似的情況是美國被(bèi)許多人稱爲“美國”，這種情況有點複雜，因爲“美利堅合衆國”可能(néng)被(bèi)認爲是一種描述而不是一個名字，就(jiù)像“非卡斯蒂利亞人”西班牙人，來自美國以外的國家的美國人可能(néng)以某種方式感到被(bèi)排除在外，因爲隻有一個國家以整個大陸的名義結束！ A similar situation is how the United States is referred to by many as “America.” This situation is a bit complicated because the “United States of America” may be considered a description rather than a name, and just like “non-Castilian” Spaniards, Americans from countries other than the United States may, in some manner feel excluded, since just one country ended up with the name of the entire continent! 也許我們不應該這麽“敏感”，就(jiù)是語言或地方得到他們的名字的廣義的方式，因爲最終的結果是一樣的：全球化是一個快速的過程，并不總是有空間細節。然而，當我們有時間時，了解這些情況的整個曆史和情況，當然總是很好(hǎo)。 Perhaps we shouldn’t be so “sensitive,” however, to the generalized manner in which languages or places get their names, because in the end, the result is the same: globalization is a rapid process and there isn’t always room for specifics. However, it is always nice of course to learn about the entire history and circumstances of these situations when we have time. 上一篇:翻譯醫療筆記的挑戰 下一篇
